The economic sanctions that Western nations and Japan have brought against Russia over Ukraine have targeted people and businesses, with travel bans and asset freezes hitting individuals who are considered to be close financially or politically to Russian President Vladimir Putin.
World leaders have also dangled the prospect of harsher actions in economically sensitive areas such as energy if Russia disrupts elections to choose a successor to ousted Ukranian President Victor Yanukovych on May 25.
Canada's sanctions have focused on senior officials, businesses and some institutions in Russia and Ukraine.
"Until Russia clearly demonstrates its respect for Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity, Canada will continue to work with its allies and like-minded countries to apply pressure that will further isolate Russia economically and politically," Prime Minister Stephen Harper has said.
The most recent international action came Monday, when Canada added six Russians and six Ukrainians to its sanctions list. Earlier in the day, the European Union added 13 individuals and two businesses to its list.
Notably absent from everyone's sanctions lists are the top officials with Gazprom, the Russian energy behemoth that supplies Western Europe with much of its natural gas, and is half-owned by the Russian government.
EU ministers agreed to expand visa bans and asset freezes to hit people considered to be undermining stability in Ukraine, or obstructing international organizations there. Monday's move marked the first time corporations were targeted by the EU.
The international sanctions followed Russia's annexation of the Crimean region after the March 16 referendum, and escalated because of the current standoff over Eastern Ukraine.
The U.S. has published three lists of individuals and companies targeted by travel bans and asset freezes.
The most recent came on April 28. That list featured seven government officials, including two the U.S. Treasury Department described as "key members of the Russian leadership's inner circle," and 17 entities.
